Nissan Pathfinder: Lan System - System Description

Nissan Pathfinder (R53) 2022-2025 Service Manual / Electrical & Power Control :: Lan System / Can Fundamental / System Description

Can Communication System
Diag on Can
Trouble Diagnosis

Can Communication System Nissan Pathfinder 2022

System Description

CAN communication is a multiplex communication system. This enables the system to transmit and receive large quantities of data at high speed by connecting control units with two communication lines (CAN-H and CAN-L).
Control units on the CAN network transmit signals using the CAN communication control circuit. They receive only necessary signals from other control units to operate various functions.
CAN communication lines adopt twisted-pair line style (two lines twisted) for noise immunity.

System Diagram

Each control unit passes an electric current to the termination circuits when transmitting CAN communication signal. The termination circuits produce an electrical potential difference between CAN-H and CAN-L. CAN communication system transmits and receives CAN communication signals by the potential difference.

Component	Description
Main line	CAN communication line between splices
Branch line	CAN communication line between splice and a control unit
Splice	A point connecting a branch line with a main line
Termination circuit	Refer to CAN Communication Control Circuit.

CAN Communication Control Circuit

Component	System description
CAN controller	It controls CAN communication signal transmission and reception, error detection, etc.
Transceiver IC	It converts digital signal into CAN communication signal, and CAN communication signal into digital signal.
Noise filter	It eliminates noise of CAN communication signal.
Termination circuit^* (Resistance of approx. 120 Ω)	It produces potential difference.

*: These are the only control units wired with both ends of CAN communication system.

Diag on Can Nissan Pathfinder 2025

Description

“Diag on CAN” is a diagnosis using CAN communication instead of previous DDL1 and DDL2 communication lines, between control units and diagnosis unit.

System Diagram

Name	Harness	Description
DDL1	Tx Rx	It is used for trouble diagnosis. (CAN-H and CAN-L are used for controlling)
DDL2	K-LINE	It is used for trouble diagnosis. (CAN-H and CAN-L are used for controlling)
Diag on CAN	CAN-H CAN-L	It is used for trouble diagnosis and control.

Trouble Diagnosis Nissan Pathfinder 2022

Condition of Error Detection

DTC (e.g. U1000 and U1001) of CAN communication is indicated on SELF-DIAG RESULTS on CONSULT if a CAN communication signal is not transmitted or received between units for 2 seconds or more.

CAN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ERROR

CAN communication line open (CAN-H, CAN-L, or both)
CAN communication line short (ground, between CAN communication lines, other harnesses)
Error of CAN communication control circuit of the unit connected to CAN communication line

WHEN DTC OF CAN COMMUNICATION IS INDICATED EVEN THOUGH CAN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IS NORMAL

Removal/installation of parts: Error may be detected when removing and installing CAN communication unit and related parts while turning the ignition switch ON. (A DTC except for CAN communication may be detected.)
Fuse blown out (removed): CAN communication of the unit may cease.
Voltage drop: Error may be detected if voltage drops due to discharged battery when turning the ignition switch ON (Depending on the control unit which carries out CAN communication).
Error may be detected if the power supply circuit of the control unit, which carries out CAN communication, malfunctions (Depending on the control unit which carries out CAN communication).
Error may be detected if reprogramming is not completed normally.

CAUTION:

CAN communication system is normal if DTC of CAN communication is indicated on SELF-DIAG RESULTS of CONSULT under the above conditions. Erase the memory of the self-diagnosis of each unit.

Symptom When Error Occurs in CAN Communication System

In CAN communication system, multiple units mutually transmit and receive signals. Each unit cannot transmit and receive signals if any error occurs on CAN communication line. Under this condition, multiple control units related to the root cause malfunction or go into fail-safe mode.

ERROR EXAMPLE

NOTE:

Each vehicle differs in symptom of each unit under fail-safe mode and CAN communication line wiring.

Refer to Abbreviation List for the unit abbreviation.

Example: TCM branch line open circuit

Unit name	Symptom
ECM	Engine torque limiting is affected, and shift harshness increases.
BCM	Reverse warning chime does not sound.
EPS control unit	Normal operation.
Combination meter	Shift position indicator and OD OFF indicator turn OFF. Warning lamps turn ON.
ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)	Normal operation.
TCM	No impact on operation.
IPDM E/R	Normal operation.

Example: Data link connector branch line open circuit

Unit name	Symptom
ECM	Normal operation.
BCM
EPS control unit
Combination meter
ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)
TCM
IPDM E/R

NOTE:

When data link connector branch line is open, transmission and reception of CAN communication signals are not affected. Therefore, no symptoms occur. However, be sure to repair malfunctioning circuit.

The model (all units on CAN communication system are Diag on CAN) cannot perform CAN diagnosis with CONSULT if the following error occurs. The error is judged by the symptom.

Error	Difference of symptom
Data link connector branch line open circuit	Normal operation.
CAN-H, CAN-L harness short-circuit	Most of the units which are connected to the CAN communication system enter fail-safe mode or are deactivated.

Example: Main Line Between Data Link Connector and ABS Actuator and Electric Unit (Control Unit) Open Circuit

Unit name	Symptom
ECM	Engine torque limiting is affected, and shift harshness increases.
BCM	Reverse warning chime does not sound. The front wiper moves under continuous operation mode even though the front wiper switch being in the intermittent position.
EPS control unit	The steering effort increases.
Combination meter	The shift position indicator and OD OFF indicator turn OFF. The speedometer is inoperative. The odo/trip meter stops.
ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)	Normal operation.
TCM	No impact on operation.
IPDM E/R	When the ignition switch is ON, The headlamps (Lo) turn ON. The cooling fan continues to rotate.

Example: CAN-H, CAN-L Harness Short Circuit

Unit name	Symptom
ECM	Engine torque limiting is affected, and shift harshness increases. Engine speed drops.
BCM	Reverse warning chime does not sound. The front wiper moves under continuous operation mode even though the front wiper switch being in the intermittent position. The room lamp does not turn ON. The engine does not start (if an error or malfunction occurs while turning the ignition switch OFF.) The steering lock does not release (if an error or malfunction occurs while turning the ignition switch OFF.)
EPS control unit	The steering effort increases.
Combination meter	The tachometer and the speedometer do not move. Warning lamps turn ON. Indicator lamps do not turn ON.
ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)	Normal operation.
TCM	No impact on operation.
IPDM E/R	When the ignition switch is ON, The headlamps (Lo) turn ON. The cooling fan continues to rotate.

CAN Diagnosis with CONSULT

CAN diagnosis on CONSULT extracts the root cause by receiving the following information.

Response to the system call
Control unit diagnosis information
Self-diagnosis
CAN diagnostic support monitor

Self-Diagnosis

If communication signals cannot be transmitted or received among units communicating via CAN communication line, CAN communication-related DTC is displayed on the CONSULT “Self Diagnostic Result” screen.

NOTE:

The following table shows examples of CAN communication-related DTC. For other DTC, refer to the applicable sections.

DTC	Self-diagnosis item (CONSULT indication)	DTC detection condition		Inspection/Action
U1000	CAN COMM CIRCUIT	ECM	When ECM is not transmitting or receiving CAN communication signal of OBD (emission-related diagnosis) for 2 seconds or more.	Start the inspection. Refer to the applicable section of the indicated control unit.
U1000	CAN COMM CIRCUIT	Except for ECM	When a control unit (except for ECM) is not transmitting or receiving CAN communication signal for 2 seconds or more.
U1001	CAN COMM CIRCUIT	When ECM is not transmitting or receiving CAN communication signal other than OBD (emission-related diagnosis) for 2 seconds or more.
U1002	SYSTEM COMM	When a control unit is not transmitting or receiving CAN communication signal for 2 seconds or less.
U1010	CONTROL UNIT(CAN)	When an error is detected during the initial diagnosis for CAN controller of each control unit.		Replace the control unit indicating “U1010”.

CAN Diagnostic Support Monitor

MONITOR ITEM (CONSULT)

Example: CAN DIAG SUPPORT MNTR indication

Without PAST

Item	PRESENT	Description
Initial diagnosis	OK	Normal at present
Initial diagnosis	NG	Control unit error (Except for some control units)
Transmission diagnosis	OK	Normal at present
	UNKWN	Unable to transmit signals for 2 seconds or more.
	UNKWN	Diagnosis not performed
Control unit name (Reception diagnosis)	OK	Normal at present
	UNKWN	Unable to receive signals for 2 seconds or more.
		Diagnosis not performed
		No control unit for receiving signals. (No applicable optional parts)

With PAST

Item	PRESENT	PAST	Description
Transmission diagnosis	OK	OK	Normal at present and in the past
	OK	1 – 39	Normal at present, but unable to transmit signals for 2 seconds or more in the past. (The number indicates the number of ignition switch cycles from OFF to ON.)
	UNKWN	0	Unable to transmit signals for 2 seconds or more at present.
Control unit name (Reception diagnosis)	OK	OK	Normal at present and in the past
	OK	1 – 39	Normal at present, but unable to receive signals for 2 seconds or more in the past. (The number indicates the number of ignition switch cycles from OFF to ON.)
	UNKWN	0	Unable to receive signals for 2 seconds or more at present.
	Not diagnosed	–	Diagnosis not performed.
	Not diagnosed	–	No control unit for receiving signals. (No applicable optional parts)

MONITOR ITEM (ON-BOARD DIAGNOSIS)

NOTE:

For some models, CAN communication diagnosis result is received from the Nissan Pathfinder vehicle monitor.

Example: Vehicle Display
Item	Result indicated	Error counter	Description
CAN_COMM (Initial diagnosis)	OK	0	Normal at present
CAN_COMM (Initial diagnosis)	NG	1 – 50	Control unit error (The number indicates how many times diagnosis has been run.)
CAN_CIRC_1 (Transmission diagnosis)	OK	0	Normal at present
CAN_CIRC_1 (Transmission diagnosis)	UNKWN	1 – 50	Unable to transmit for 2 seconds or more at present. (The number indicates how many times diagnosis has been run.)
CAN_CIRC_2 – 9 (Reception diagnosis of each unit)	OK	0	Normal at present
	UNKWN	1 – 50	Unable to transmit for 2 seconds or more at present. (The number indicates how many times diagnosis has been run.)
			Diagnosis not performed.
			No control unit for receiving signals. (No applicable optional parts)

How to Use CAN Communication Signal Chart

The CAN communication signal chart lists the signals needed for trouble diagnosis. It is useful for detecting the root cause by finding a signal related to the symptom, and by checking transmission and reception unit.